Prevalence of signs and symptons for Temporomandibular Disfunctions in boxers

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The temporomandibular disfunction (TMD) has multifactorial origin, being the most relevant: psychosocial factors, pathophysiological and traumatic. The Boxing is considered one traumatic factor for being a contact sport that imposes large expenditure of kinetic energy on sports sign, which could affect the face and, consequently, the TMJ, with 10% of the athletes could suffer a facial injury, representing a possible predisposition to TMD. OBJECTIVES: Estimate the prevalence of signs and symptons for TMD in boxers, check if the use of mouthguard chengs the intensity of signs and symptons of TMD, check the variation difference of the signs and symptons in amateurs and professional boxers. METHODS: cross-sectional study, accomplished in a Box gym, in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brasil in April/2017. Boxers were evaluated by the Anamnesis Index of Fonseca. The variables were analyzed through the test t-Student and the level of meaningfulness established were from 5%. Followed the standards of the Resolution 466/12, and obteined approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Católica do Salvador (CAAE 64281616.8.0000.5628). RESULTS: 51% from the athletes do not have TMD, 43,1% have light TMD, 5,9% have moderate TMD, none participant presented several TMD. Athletes that participate of championships presented more prevalence of simtomatology for TMD than the ones that do not participated (p<0,05). CONCLUSION: There was association between participation in championships and presence of TMD, demonstrating that athletes of competitions gift predisposition to develop disfunction.