Effect of eletroestimulation in the posterior tibial nerve for hiperative bladder in women: systematic review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The overactive bladder is a condition that has the main cause of detrusor hyperactivity and affects many women. It has an idiopathic origin when it is not linked to another pathology. . n contrast, when it has neurogenic origin, its causes are neurological changes associated with the micturition mechanism. The treatments used for the overactive bladder are drug therapy, physiotherapy and behavioral therapy. One of the methods used in physiotherapy is the electrostimulation of the posterior tibial nerve (PTNS), whose objective is to prevent the involuntary contraction of the detrusor muscle in an exacerbated way. OBJECTIVE: To identify the effect of the use of percutaneous electrostimulation on the posterior tibial nerve as a form of treatment in women diagnosed with overactive bladder associated with urinary loss. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A systematic literature review using articles from randomized controlled trials found in the Cochrane database. The search of the articles was performed by two reviewers in the period between August and October 2017, performed as follows (Urinary Bladder, Overactive AND Tibial nerve AND Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation). RESULTS: 17 articles found; of these, 4 were selected. The variables of the analyzed articles were nocturia, urinary urgency, quality of life, urinary frequency. PTNS presented as an effective method for the control of urinary frequency, nocturia and urge incontinence. CONCLUSION: Treatment by percutaneous electrostimulation in the posterior tibial nerve (PTNS) becomes an effective method for the control of urinary frequency, nocturia and urinary incontinence of urgency, guaranteeing the improvement of the symptoms of overactive bladder referred by the patients.