Analysis of neuropsychomotor development of preterm in multidisciplinary ambulatory: a view of physiotherapy

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: From gestation to birth neuropsychomotor development is influenced by several biopsychosocial factors. This influence can be even more accentuated in preterm newborns due to their admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, so preterm babies are more susceptible to these influences. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the neuropsychomotor development of preterm babies in a multidisciplinary outpatient clinic of a public hospital. METHODOLOGY: Observational and longitudinal, ambispective study of 19 children born prematurely from 0 to 12 months of corrected age, being exclusion criteria children with cognitive and/or genetic alterations or not having signed the consent form. The data were collected through the analysis of medical records between August 2017 and December 2018, the development evaluated through the Denver II Triage Test, in two moments: A1 and A2, on their admission and return to service after discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and for analysis of the relationship between mother and baby was used the Evaluation Mother/Son bond only in A1. The stimulations were carried out by means of orientation and educational folder for parents and guardians. The data were analyzed by means of mean, standard deviation, absolute and relative frequency, median, minimum and maximum and Wilcoxon Test for the domains of Denver II A1 compared to A2, using the SPSS program version 20.0. RESULTS: 19 children were accompanied, of these 79% were classified with normal development in A1. The children who presented deficits in A1 (10.5%), surpassed in A2. However, in the second attendance, some started to present difficulties in new tasks/domain (motor, fine motor and personal-social), so that 31.5% presented abnormal general development in A2. A significant value was found when comparing the Denver II general classification in A1 with A2 (p=0.02). The mother-child bond was classified as weak (average of 5.8 points).  CONCLUSION: It was observed that babies overcame the delays identified in the first evaluation, although the results in Denver had variations over time. Thus, it is believed that the family profile identified in this research plus the multiprofessional approach may have favored the neuropsychomotor development of premature babies up to 12 months of corrected age.