Sleep quality in patients in patients submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting with different body mass indexes

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Evidences show that there is a positive correlation between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the sleep quality. The assessment of how the BMI can influence the sleep quality of patients in the postoperative period, can be useful for decision making related to physiotherapeutic treatment. OBJECTIVES: To compare the sleep quality in patients undergoing to CABG at different BMI. METHODS:  Patients of both sexes, aged 18 years or over and submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting via median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were included. This is a observational study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire, that measures the retrospective sleep quality, was applied, upon discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in patients of both sexes grouped by BMI into eutrophic, overweight and obesity groups to investigate changes in sleep behavior post-cardiac surgery in these groups. The data were expressed as means and standard deviations. For comparison between groups, the ANOVA test was used. P <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The study consisted of 120 patients, with a predominance of males in a total of 79 (65.83%) patients and age around 60,22 ± 1,34 years. The scores of the variables in this questionnaire such as Sleep Duration (Eutrophic Group:0, Overweight:0, Obesity:2, p=0.02), Sleep Disturbances (Eutrophic Group:1, Overweight:1, Obesity:2, p=0.01) and Daytime Dysfunction (Eutrophic Group:1, Overweight:1, Obesity:2, p=0.04) were statistically significant. Comparing the total score between the groups eutrophic:2, overweight:5 and obesity:10, it was found that the sleep quality tends to worsen as the BMI increases. CONCLUSION: Patients with a higher BMI as in the obesity group had worse sleep quality, while patients in the eutrophic group had better sleep quality.