Deleterial effects of invasive mechanical ventilation in prematures: systematic review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The newborn is considered preterm by the World Health Organization (WHO) when born with less than 37 weeks of gestation. Prematurity brings with it several problems due to biological immaturity, among the most serious complications related to prematurity is the underdevelopment of the respiratory system. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to review the literature of the last 5 years on the deleterious effects of MV in preterm infants. METHODS AND MATERIAIS: A systematic review of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed / Medline) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs) and Scielo databases was carried out. Narrative review articles and other articles that did not correspond to the inclusion criteria were excluded: Articles that addressed the deleterious effects of mechanical ventilation in premature infants in the English, Portuguese or Spanish languages in their primary or secondary outcome. RESULTS: Twenty articles, 12 intervention, 3 observational, 3 systematic reviews and 2 meta-analysis were selected, which scored between 8 and 25 according to criteria used by Vieira and collaborators and maximum score in the adapted version of the AMSTAR instrument, respectively. methodological qualification. We found 15 types of deleterious effects associated with the use of invasive mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSION: It demonstrated the occurrence of 15 different types of deleterious effects associated with the use of mechanical ventilation in premature infants and among these the effect with a higher incidence is pulmonary bronchodysplasia followed by mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury.